GLP-1 receptor agonists, the amazing weight loss medications I call “the drugs of the century,” have recently undergone a great deal of scrutiny. Because they are so effective and have become popular so quickly, the decision to prescribe them has not been given the caution it deserves. GLP-1’s are not without adverse effects. Among them are the loss of fat, bone, and muscle mass. Appetite is suppressed so much that intake of protein, calcium, magnesium, potassium, fiber, and vitamins A, C, D, and E are lessened significantly. Weight loss, which is the intent, is accompanied by unwanted deterioration of one’s physical state of being.
Several national organizations interested in lifestyle changes, nutrition, and obesity have advised doctors and patients that when GLP-1’s are prescribed, emphasis on proper nutrition is very important. They say before starting a GLP-1 for weight loss, a baseline nutritional assessment should be done. From that, a list of recommendations is formulated to prevent the dietary deficiencies listed above. Drinking ample water, eating small meals, getting enough fiber, avoiding fatty foods, and reducing the intake of ultra-processed foods are some of those recommendations.
Inadequate intake of protein is a very big problem. Drastic reductions in one’s diet can make getting enough protein difficult. So meal planning must include fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and adequate protein-containing meats. Weight loss will occur, without the deterioration of muscle, bone, or fat, and will be spared of deficiency. Nutritional stability will be maintained and good health continued.
In the fourth quarter of 2025, it is anticipated that Novo Nordisk pharmaceuticals with introduce a once-daily oral form of Wegovy (semaglutide). This is expected to impact the market in many ways. Demand will skyrocket, those with injection anxiety will change to oral drug immediately, and cost is presumed to be lower. Clinical trials have shown weight loss to be comparable so efficacy is not a concern. This situation just gets better and better.
Dr. G’s Opinion: When a patient takes a GLP-1 receptor agonist for weight loss, he must consider the dietary changes affecting his body. One’s appetite is so suppressed that the intake of adequate amounts of food nutrients is impossible. Thus while dieting, either an adequate diet or nutrient supplementation are necessary to prevent deficiencies. So to reach their goals, the physician and patient must work together and keep an eye on potential problems. Taking the drug is only a part of the process. Protecting one’s self with adequate protein and other supplementations will ensure patients’ success without complications.
Reference: Novak Sara. New Advisory offers First consensus in Prescribing GLP-1’s. Medscape 2025 July 8;
Doheny K, Oral Semaglutide: By year’s End, a GLP-1 Weight Loss Pill? Medscape 2025 July 8.
